Invitrogen™ GPNMB Monoclonal Antibody (CTSREVL), eFluor™ 660, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

Description: This CTSREVL monoclonal antibody recognizes human GPNMB also known as Osteoactivin, DC-HIL and HGFIN. This type-1 transmembrane glycoprotein was described independently as a bone development factor, tumor related molecule, neurokinin, and immune regulator. Expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells, GPNMB is a ligand for proteoglycan Syndecan-4 (SD-4), which is found on T cells and is known to inhibit their activation and proliferation. Hence, surface expression of GPNMB by myeloid cells may be indicative of their tolerogenic properties. Various cancers express GPNMB, and it is suspected to help in immune evasion. Treatment with IL-10 and various immunosuppressive drugs (e.g., dexamethasone) upregulate GPNMB on macrophages and dendritic cells. GPNMB may also be secreted. The CTSREVL antibody will work on paraformaldehyde-fixed cells. Applications Reported: This CTSREVL antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested: This CTSREVL antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of mouse thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal exudate cells. This can be used at less than or equal to 1 μg per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test.

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein which shows homology to the pMEL17 precursor, a melanocyte-specific protein. GPNMB shows expression in the lowly metastatic human melanoma cell lines and xenografts but does not show expression in the highly metastatic cell lines. GPNMB may be involved in growth delay and reduction of metastatic potential. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.