Invitrogen™ IL-27 p28 Monoclonal Antibody (MM27-7B1), PE, eBioscience™

Description

Description: This MM27-7B1 monoclonal antibody reacts with the p28 subunit of Interleukin-27 (IL-27), which is a member of the IL-12 family. IL-27 is a heterodimer of the subunits EBI3 (Epstein-Barr Virus Induced Gene 3), which is homologous to the p40 subunit shared by IL-12 and IL-23, and p28 (IL-30), which is homologous to p35. It is produced by activated dendritic cells and macrophages in response to TLR ligands and inflammatory cytokines. The IL-27 receptor shares one subunit, gp130, with other members of the IL-6 family. The subunit WSX-1 (IL-27R alpha, TCCR) is unique to IL-27 and is believed to be the only part of the receptor that interacts with the cytokine. The IL-27R is most abundantly expressed on activated T-cells and NK cells, although expression has also been shown on B-cells and naive T-cells. IL-27R activation leads to the phosphorylation of Jak/STAT proteins, with STAT1 and STAT3 being critical to the function of IL-27. IL-27 has been shown to have both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. It influences the commitment of CD4+ T-cells toward the Th1 lineage by inducing the expression of the T-bet transcription factor and the upregulation of IL-12R beta2. Its anti-inflammatory functions include the suppression of Th2 and Th17 proliferation and differentiation. Susceptibility to T-cell mediated autoimmunity has been observed in WSX-1 knockout mice. Recent evidence suggests that the p28 subunit may also be secreted independently of EBI3 and have f...

IL-27, a member of the IL-12 family, is a heterodimeric protein consisting of the p40-related protein Epstein-Barr virus-induced gene 3 (EBI3) non-covalently linked to an IL-12p35-related protein, p28 (also known as IL-30). IL-27 is produced by activated APCs and mature dendritic cells. IL-27 exerts its activities on NK cells and naive CD4+ T cells; mRNA expression analysis of IL-27 receptor components (WSX-1/TCCR and gp130) suggests that IL-27 may also target other cells, including mast cells and monocytes. Binding of IL-27 to WSX-1/gp130 activates JAK1, STAT1, and STAT3 and STAT1/3 phosphorylation. WSX-1/TCCR-deficient mice develop impaired Th1 responses and are more susceptible to infection with L. monocytogenes suggesting that Th1 responses require IL-27. Although activation of WSX-1 is required for the initiation of Th1 responses, it is not necessary for maintaining Th1 responses. IL-27 alone is not able to induce the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into IFN-γ-producing cells, suggesting a role for IL-27 as an initial activator of Th1 responses. An important effect of IL-27 in initiating Th1 responses is the induction of the Th1-specific transcription factor T-bet as well as the suppression of the Th2-specific transcription factor GATA-3. T-bet plays a critical role in Th1 differentiation by its ability to maintain IL-12Rβ2 expression following CD4+ T cell activation. Recent studies indicate that IL-27 has a potent antitumor activity. In vitro, IL-27 has been found to act directly on naive CD8 cells, generating CTL with enhanced granzyme B expression. In vivo, IL-27 has been reported to augment CTL activity, inhibit tumor growth, and induce complete regression of primary and metastatic neuroblastoma tumors.